Cuticular hydrocarbons from the ponerine ant Ectatomma ruidum Roger and a highly integrated eucharitid myrmecophile, Kapala sulcifacies (Cameron), associated with it, have been characterized. Ninety hydrocarbons were identified from the ant, 55 hydrocarbons from the female wasp and 54 hydrocarbons from the male wasp. The wasps and ants share 40 hydrocarbons. These shared 40 hydrocarbons represent 92.6% of their hydrocarbon composition for female Kapala, 84.3% for male Kapala and 67.7% for the ants. The wasps have a carbon number range of C₂₇ to C₃₅; the ants have a range of C₂₃ to C₃₅. Both species possess n-alkanes, C₂₇ to C₃₃ for the wasps, C₂₃ to C₃₄ for the ants. Both species also possess major quantities of Z-7- and Z-9 alkenes: C₂₉ to C₃₃ for the wasps; C₂₃ to C₃₅ for the ants. The female wasps possess a low amount of a conjugated C₃₁ diene (neither the ants nor the male wasps possess this hydrocarbon), and the ants, but not the wasps, contain low quantities of nonconjugated dienes (carbon numbers of C₂₃ to C₂₉) with double bonds at Δ⁹, and Δ¹⁴. Both wasps and ants share homologous series of 3-, 5-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 15- and 17-methyl branched alkanes. Ants and wasps also share a homologous series of 3,7-dimethyl alkanes. Other internally branched dimethyl alkanes are found in both ants and wasps, but only 11, 15-DiMeC₂₉ is shared. Wasps have 7, 15- and 10, 14-dimethyl alkanes while the ants have 15,19-dimethyl alkanes. Kapala sulcifacies and E. ruidum both possess hydrocarbons of the 5, X-, 11, X-, 12, X- and 13, X-DiMe series, but the compounds involved are not shared because they represent different compounds. Behavioral observations indicate that the ants accept the newly emerged adult parasitoids with no evidence of agonistic behavior for a period of time after adult eclosion. Nevertheless, the chemical deception is not completely efficient because young adult Kapala are soon ejected from the nest by transportation by their host. These transportations frequently occur after seizure at the base of the wasps’ characteristic scutellar spines, such structures allowing for easy transportation without injury for the parasite. Moreover, if no method of escaping the colony is provided, the ants ultimately attack the parasitoids. The substantial chemical overlap of the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the ants and wasps are discussed in the context of the social life of the colony.